Chapter 5

 

 

 


Text Box: Pointer Operators #include <iostream.h> main() { int ferrari = 18; int *ferrariPtr; ferrariPtr=&ferrari; /* The pointer ferrari is assigned the value of the address of Ferrari */ // ferrariPtr is said to “point to” ferrari cout<<&ferrari<<endl; // the address cout<<ferrariPtr<<endl; // the pointer cout<<ferrari<<endl; // the integer cout<<*ferrariPtr<<endl; /* Dereferencing operator (*) returns the object the pointer is pointing to */ return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: Call-By-Reference void modify (float *); main() { float lamborghini=12.16; cout<<"At first lamborghini is "<<lamborghini<<"."<<endl<<endl; modify (&lamborghini); /* The address is passed to the function so that lamborghini can be modified and still be a local variable */ cout<<"After being modified in the MAGIC CALL-BY-REFERENCE FUNCTION" <<",\n lamborghini is "<<lamborghini<<endl; return 0; } void modify (float *lPtr) { *lPtr=6.08; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: Pointer/Subscript Notation #include <iostream.h> main() { int aston[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; int *martin = aston; // martin points to aston for (int i=0; i<=9; i++) cout<<martin[i]<<" "; /* martin[i] refers to the array element aston[i] */ return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: String Handling Library Functions (strcpy, strncat, and strcmp) #include <iostream.h> #include <string.h> /* Header function for functions from the string handling library */ main() { char car1[]="porsche"; char car2[]=" carrera"; char empty[10]; cout<<"car1:"<<car1<<endl; cout<<"car2:"<<car2<<endl<<endl <<"(the space before the word 'carrera' will make a difference" <<" when we compare the two arrays)"<<endl<<endl; strcpy (empty, car1); /* Copies string car1 into the empty array and couts the empty array */ cout<<"String car1 is copied into the empty array. " <<"Now the empty array is: "<<empty<<endl<<endl; cout<<"Now let's compare string car1 to string car2."<<endl; cout<<"A "<<strcmp (car1, car2)<<" is returned, so "; /* strcmp (car1, car2) compares string car1 to string car2 and returns an integer */ if (strcmp (car1, car2)>0) cout<<"array car2 is longer than array car1."<<endl<<endl; else if (strcmp (car1, car2)==0) cout<<"array car2 is the same as array car1."<<endl<<endl; else cout<<"array car2 is shorter than array car1."<<endl<<endl; cout<<"Lastly, we can append the two strings and make a supercar!" <<endl; cout<<strcat (car1, car2)<<endl<<endl; /* Appends string car2 to string car1 */ return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: strtok #include <iostream.h> #include <string.h> main() { char b[]="Saleen S7 Twin Turbo"; char *bPtr; bPtr=strtok (b, " "); cout<<bPtr<<endl<<endl; // Prints the first element of string b while (bPtr != NULL) { cout<<bPtr<<'\n'; bPtr = strtok(NULL, " "); } return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: strlen #include <iostream.h> #include <string.h> main() { char m[]="Maserati"; cout<<"The string '"<<m<<"' has " <<strlen (m)<<" characters."<<endl<<endl; return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Text Box: cin.getline #include <iostream.h> main() { char m[30]; cin.getline(m, 30, '\n'); cout<<m<<endl; return 0; }